Triethanolamine
CAS No. 102-71-6
English abbreviation: TEA
Molecular formula: C6H15NO3
Chemical property
Colorless to yellowish transparent viscous liquid, slightly ammonia odor, at low temperatures become colorless to yellowish cubic crystals. The color of dew deepens as it is exposed to the air. It is soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, glycerol and ethylene glycol, and slightly soluble in benzene, ether and carbon tetrachloride, showing strong alkalinity. It's stimulating. It has hygroscopicity. It can absorb acid gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. Pure triethanolamine has no effect on steel, diamond, nickel and other materials, but has greater corrosiveness to copper, aluminium and its alloys. Combustible. Low toxicity. Avoid contact with oxidants and acids.
application
1. Used as emulsifier, moisturizer, humidifier, thickener and PH balancer in cosmetics (including skin washing, eye gel, moisturizer, shampoo, etc.). It is used in cosmetic formulations to neutralize fatty acids and soaps, sulfated fatty acids and amines. Triethanolamine is a commonly used emulsifier in cream preparation. The emulsified product with triethanolamine has the characteristics of exquisite paste and bright white paste. The colloidal phase formed by triethanolamine and high fatty acid or high fatty alcohol has good stability, stable product quality and high proportion of additive components. Triethanolamine is the most commonly used neutralizing agent containing acid polymer gel such as carbomer. Triethanolamine forms a stable macromolecule structure by neutralizing carboxyl group of carbomer to achieve thickening and moisturizing effect.
2. Adding triethanolamine to liquid detergent can improve the removal of oily dirt, especially non-polar sebum, and improve the decontamination performance by improving alkalinity. And it has excellent compatibility.
3. Used as curing agent of epoxy resin with reference dosage of 12-15 phr (mass fraction), curing conditions of 80 C/4h or 120 C/2h. It can also be used as vulcanization activator of natural rubber and synthetic rubber, polymerization activator of NBR, lubricant and anti-corrosion additive, etc. Long-chain fatty acid salts of triethanolamine are almost neutral and can be used as emulsifiers for oils and waxes.
4. Used as a complexing reagent for aluminium ions in solution, this reaction is usually used to "mask" specific ions in solution before complexometric titration with another chelate, such as EDTA, which can form stable complexes with most metal ions.
5. Triethanolamine and its salt solution as engineering additives and early strength agent (0.1% of total mass) in cement clinker grinding process can not only prevent the aggregation and air cushion effect of grinding particles, improve the fluidity and filling density of cement, but also reduce the power consumption of grinder. However, the extent to which heavy metals and radioisotopes in triethanolamine-complexed cement matrix can increase their solubility remains an open question.
6. The triethanolamine oleate grease produced by the reaction of triethanolamine with oleic acid is an important preparation component of corrosion inhibitor used in the mechanical processing industry such as boiler water treatment, automobile engine coolant, drilling and cutting oil, to protect metal surface and prevent oxidation.
7. Used as stationary phase for gas chromatography.
8. Used as an efficient chelating agent for various heavy metals.
9. Complex with zinc in alkaline zincate zinc plating, increase cathodic polarization of bath, fine crystallization of coating, high content will reduce deposition rate, low content will make coating grey and rough, poor dispersion, general content in 20-30 ml/L. However, the higher the viscosity of triethanolamine, the lower the upper limit of current density.
10. Used in textile industry as a good solvent and moisture absorbent. It is the raw material of fabric softener.
11. As an industrial gas purifier, it is used to remove acidic gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in waste gas treatment.
12. Triethanolamine was included in the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) because it could be used to produce nitrogen mustard gas. [3]
13. Other: medicinal excipients. It can be used as a solvent for cheese, shellac, dyes, etc. It can also be used as fiber treatment agent, antiseptic additive, plasticizer, photographic developer additive, engine carbon deposition preventive agent, etc. Used as plasticizer, neutralizer, lubricant additive or anticorrosive agent and dispersant of dyes, resins, etc. It can also be used as synthetic surfactant and stabilizer.
toxicology data
1. Acute toxicity: The oral toxicity of amines was the lowest, LD50:9110 mg/kg in rats and LC50:8680 mg/kg in mice.
2. Stimulation data: skin-rabbit 560 mg/24 hours mild; eye-rabbit 20 mg severe
3. Inhalation poisoning is less likely, but if it is contaminated and touched, dermatitis and eczema can be seen on the back of the hand and forearm.
Storage and transportation
1. Complete packing, light loading and light unloading.
2. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Storage should be moisture-proof, light-proof and sealed. Keep away from fire and heat sources.
3. Separate storage of oxidants, acids, copper and aluminium should be avoided.
4. Equipped with the corresponding variety and quantity of fire fighting equipment. The storage area shall be equipped with emergency leak handling equipment and suitable storage materials.
